In May 2025, President Donald Trump unveiled his proposed budget for fiscal year 2026, and it brings a dramatic shift in NASA’s direction. The agency is facing a significant 24% funding cut, with its budget dropping from $24.8 billion to $18.8 billion. Despite the overall reduction, the proposal clearly prioritizes human spaceflight missions to the Moon and Mars.
According to the plan, over $7 billion is set aside for renewed lunar exploration, and an additional $1 billion will support new Mars-focused initiatives. This reallocation of funds is part of a broader strategy to accelerate human space exploration, even if it comes at the cost of other programs.
Which programs are phased out?
NASA’s long-standing Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion crew capsule are among the programs being phased out. They will be retired after the Artemis III mission. These projects have faced repeated delays and cost overruns, drawing criticism over their effectiveness. The Lunar Gateway program, which envisioned a small space station orbiting the Moon, is also slated for cancellation. Hardware already built for the project may be repurposed for other missions, according to NASA statements.
Science and research programs on the cutting block
Perhaps the most controversial aspect of the proposal is the steep 47% cut to NASA’s science budget. This affects a wide range of research, from planetary science to Earth observation and astrophysics. The highly anticipated Mars Sample Return mission is among the casualties, as the administration looks to shift priorities toward human rather than robotic exploration.
Earth science programs are also seeing steep reductions, including initiatives related to climate monitoring and green aviation technology. These proposed cuts have alarmed environmental groups and researchers alike, who warn of long-term consequences for climate science and technological innovation.
Private sector set to play larger role
In line with Trump’s broader vision for a leaner government and a stronger commercial sector, the budget proposal places greater emphasis on private partnerships in space. NASA would increasingly rely on commercial systems for exploration and operations, a move that is expected to benefit companies like SpaceX. This approach closely aligns with Elon Musk’s longstanding goal of building a human settlement on Mars.
However, the transition could come with a human cost. Up to 25 to 30 percent of NASA’s workforce could be affected by the cuts, particularly in regions like Houston where many NASA programs are based.
An uncertain future…
The budget has sparked debate in Congress and across the scientific community. While some lawmakers welcome the renewed focus on human exploration, others have expressed serious concerns over the potential loss of critical scientific capabilities. As the proposal enters the legislative process, its final shape remains uncertain, and substantial revisions are expected before it becomes law.
Note: This article is based on the FY2026 budget proposal released in May 2025 and reflects the information available at that time. Legislative negotiations may lead to changes in the final budget.
